Wall Street has significantly strengthened its presence in the Bitcoin market in recent years. However, according to available estimates, individuals still hold the vast majority of coins. Retail investors control 13.9 million BTC, roughly 66% of the total supply. At the same time, the distribution of ownership is gradually changing as large corporations, investment funds, and states acquire more coins, thereby reducing the available supply on the market.
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Limited Supply and the Battle for Remaining Coins
The distribution of ownership has been undergoing a dynamic transformation recently. Data shows that while individuals net-sold approximately 696,000 BTC during 2025, corporations, investment funds, and governments collectively purchased nearly one million bitcoins. American ETFs currently hold about 1.48 million coins, publicly traded companies own 1.66 million, and national governments control over half a million bitcoins.
This massive shift suggests that part of the supply is gradually moving from individual holders to large players. If this trend continues, institutions will soon have to fiercely compete for coins that current owners are unwilling to sell. While a limited supply can theoretically increase pressure for price growth, future demand and retail investors’ willingness to realize their existing profits will also be crucial.
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Hidden Costs for Companies and Warnings Against Downturns
A significant example of institutional accumulation is the company Strategy (formerly MicroStrategy), which holds a staggering 848,000 BTC. However, managing such a vast reserve brings significant financial obligations. In a single October week, the company spent 142.5 million USD on dividends and interest and another 73.7 million USD on preferred stock repurchases. In comparison, it released only 28.7 million USD to purchase a mere 334 BTC at the same time. Enormous debts simply require regular and costly servicing.
Some companies, therefore, opt for a much more active strategy, such as Japanese Metaplanet, which flexibly sells and buys bitcoins to manage liquidity. Although Bitcoin is currently changing the structure of its owners, the shift of coins to institutions cannot be seen as an absolute guarantee of continuous price growth. From the perspective of historical halving cycles, the market is still in a phase where even deeper price drops can surprise investors.
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Image source: Adobe Stock
Sources:
- The Motley Fool: fool.com – Analysis of Bitcoin Ownership Distribution
- Bitbo.io: bitbo.io – Bitcoin Reserves of Governments, ETFs, and Companies
- Strategy (MicroStrategy): microstrategy.com – SEC Filings and Reserve Financing
- Original report: KryptoMagazín.cz
